ls; more than just for listing files

[mongre26]

Everyone who has used Linux or Unix for a while will be fairly familiary with the ls(1) command.

Since ls is pretty much synonomous with list it seems developers have taken the idea of an "ls" command to be used to list other information about the system.

lspci (8) shows a list of the pci devices and their names (if available).

Eg.

# /sbin/lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corp. E7205 Memory Controller Hub (rev 03)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corp. E7000 Series Processor to AGP Controller (rev 03)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corp. 82801DB USB (Hub #1) (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corp. 82801DB USB (Hub #2) (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corp. 82801DB USB (Hub #3) (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corp. 82801DB USB2 (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corp. 82801BA/CA/DB/EB PCI Bridge (rev 82)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corp. 82801DB LPC Interface Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corp. 82801DB Ultra ATA Storage Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corp. 82801DB AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 02)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation NV18 [GeForce4 MX 440 AGP 8x] (rev a2)
02:03.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments TSB43AB22/A IEEE-1394a-2000 Controller (PHY/Link)
02:04.0 RAID bus controller: CMD Technology Inc Silicon Image SiI 3112 SATARaid Controller (rev 01)
02:05.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5702 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 02)

--

lsraid(8) displays information about a software raid device (md)

# lsraid -p
[dev   9,   0] /dev/md0         E331D06E.A0EA7AB5.0699B4B5.AA7F4DCA online
[dev   8,   1] /dev/sda1        E331D06E.A0EA7AB5.0699B4B5.AA7F4DCA good
[dev   8,  17] /dev/sdb1        E331D06E.A0EA7AB5.0699B4B5.AA7F4DCA good

[dev   9,   2] /dev/md2         471674C0.46E98336.648DAABC.4754B2C5 online
[dev   8,   3] /dev/sda3        471674C0.46E98336.648DAABC.4754B2C5 good
[dev   8,  19] /dev/sdb3        471674C0.46E98336.648DAABC.4754B2C5 good

[dev   9,   1] /dev/md1         92649849.DF1EAF8D.DD2C7041.568CB1FF online
[dev   8,   4] /dev/sda4        92649849.DF1EAF8D.DD2C7041.568CB1FF good
[dev   8,  20] /dev/sdb4        92649849.DF1EAF8D.DD2C7041.568CB1FF good

--

lsmod(8) List out the currently loaded kernel modules

#  /sbin/lsmod
Module                  Size  Used by    Tainted: P
iptable_filter          2444   0 (autoclean) (unused)
loop                   12184   3 (autoclean)
nls_iso8859-1           3516   1 (autoclean)
nls_cp437               5148   0 (autoclean)
vfat                   12716   0 (autoclean)
fat                    39352   0 (autoclean) [vfat]
ipt_LOG                 4344   0 (autoclean)
ipt_limit               1688   0 (autoclean)
ide-cd                 34560   0 (autoclean)
cdrom                  35008   0 (autoclean) [ide-cd]
i810_audio             28872   3 (autoclean)
ac97_codec             16940   0 (autoclean) [i810_audio]
soundcore               7044   2 (autoclean) [i810_audio]
nvidia               1765632  11 (autoclean)
ip_tables              15776   3 [iptable_filter ipt_LOG ipt_limit]
parport_pc             18884   1 (autoclean)
lp                      8772   0 (autoclean)
parport                39072   1 (autoclean) [parport_pc lp]
autofs                 12500   0 (autoclean) (unused)
tg3                    56808   1
microcode               4736   0 (autoclean)
floppy                 58268   0 (autoclean)
sg                     36396   0 (autoclean)
sd_mod                 13452   0 (autoclean)
usb-storage            71296   0
scsi_mod              113704   3 [sg sd_mod usb-storage]
ohci1394               29544   0 (unused)
ieee1394              208164   0 [ohci1394]
keybdev                 2656   0 (unused)
mousedev                5432   1
hid                    23972   0 (unused)
input                   6208   0 [keybdev mousedev hid]
ehci-hcd               20488   0 (unused)
usb-uhci               27180   0 (unused)
usbcore                82560   1 [usb-storage hid ehci-hcd usb-uhci]
ext3                   74148   2
jbd                    55560   2 [ext3]

--

lsusb(8) Display information about USB buses

# /sbin/lsusb
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 05ac:9101 Apple Computer, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 05ac:9118 Apple Computer, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 05ac:1002 Apple Computer, Inc. Apple Extended Keyboard Hub [Mitsumi]
Bus 002 Device 007: ID 05ac:0204 Apple Computer, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 008: ID 067b:2515 Prolific Technology, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 009: ID 067b:2517 Prolific Technology, Inc.
Bus 002 Device 005: ID 045e:0040 Microsoft Corp. Wheel Mouse Optical
Bus 002 Device 006: ID 05ac:9218 Apple Computer, Inc.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000

Note: All of the above commands are on Fedora Core 1.

Note: There are also additional "ls" commands, type "ls" the hit tab twice in bash as root to get a list.

[Bana]

Good Work mongre26! I didn't know any of that, if only I had earlier...

[mhelios]

Thank you for your article mongre26. I hope you don't mind, I went through and added a few tags for readability enhancements.

[mongre26]

I do not mind the edits at all, I will almost certainly use them in the future myself.

[Ug]

Thanks for that info.